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- The Design of Development Policy
- World Economic History
- Rationality and Choice
- The Emergence of Modern Economic Growth
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- The Financial Crisis
- Perfect Competition and Oligopoly
- Oligopoly and Monopolistic Competition
- Oligopoly
- Organizational Economics
- Keynes’s General Theory
- Historical Origin of Middle Eastern Development
- Economics of Discontinuous Change
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- Barriers to Entry In Monopoly
- Law And Economics
- International Trade Policy
- Market Design
- Macroeconomics and Politics
- Media, Democracy and Economics
- Monopolistic Competition
- Capital Asset Pricing Model
- Cost and Revenue
- Positive Economics
- Agricultural Economics
- Normative Economics
- Theory of Consumer Behavior
- Economic crisis
- Marginal Productivity Theory of Distribution
- Monetary Policy
- Equilibrium Price
- Theory of Economics
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- Solow Growth Model
- International Trade
- Industrial Organization
- Emergence of Oligopoly
- Heterodox Economics
- Education in the Economy
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- Microeconomics
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- Economics Homework Help
- The Monetary System
- KEYNESIAN ANALYSIS
- Equilibrium the Short-Run
- Two Approaches
- Partial Equilibrium Approach
- Price Determination: General Statement
- DUALISM AND ECONOMIC UNDERDEVELOPMENT
- When Price Discrimination is Possible
- Capital output Ratio
- Conclusion
- Role of Government Post Liberalisation Era
- Concept of Rolling Plan
- Growing Public Sector
- Features of a Planned Economy
- Rapid Industrialization
- Objectives of planning
- Pre-requisites of Successful Planning
- Special Case of Under-developed Countries
- Conclusion
- Meaning of Planning
- Popularity of Planning
- Socially Desirable Income Distribution Criterion
- Employment Absorption Criterion
- Local Community Assets
- Balance of Payments Criterion
- Conclusion
- Marginal Social Productivity Criterio
- Capital output Ratio Criterion
- Estimation or the Social Product
- INVESTMENT CRITERIA AND CHOICE OF TECHNIQUES
- Monopolistic Competition
- Hicks Revised Theory of Demand
- Inflation and Forced Saving
- MODERN THEORY OF RENT
- Social Welfare Under Perfect Competition
- MARKET STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL WELFARE
- Scitovsky Compensation Principle
- Monopoly and Profits
- Normal Profit
- Conclusion Regarding Theories of Profit
- Uncertainty-bearing Theory of Profits
- Innovations Theory of Profits
- Dynamic Theory of Pro
- A FURTHER NOTE ON COMPENSATION PRINCIPLES
- THE MARXIAN THEORY
- KAlECKi’S ‘DEGREE OF MONOPOLY’ THEORY
- Modem Concept of Profit
- DO PROFITS TEND TO EQUALITY?
- Analysis of Gro Profit.
- OBSTACLES TO WELFARE MAXIMIZATION
- Socialist Ideology
- Critical Evaluation of Monopoly Theory of Profits
- National Income
- Monopoly versus Competition
- Marginal Productivity and Profits
- Wages Theory of Profits
- Taxation
- THEORIES OF PROFITS
- Pure or Net Profit
- Rationing
- PROFIT
- APPLICATIONS OF WELFARE ECONOMICS
- SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF INTEREST
- CAN THE RATE OF INTEREST FALL TO ZERO?
- Effect of Changes tile Variables
- Assumptions and Limitations of Welfare Concept
- MODERN THEORY OF INTEREST: HICKS-HANSEN SYNTHESIS
- Keynesian vs. Loanable Funds Theory
- KEYNESIAN AND OTHER THEORIES OF INTEREST COMPARED
- Factors Governing Liquidity Preference
- Welfare Criteria
- LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE THEORY
- Criticism of Liquidity Preference Theory
- Determination of tile Rate of Interest
- Little’s Criterion
- Supply of Loanable Funds
- Criticism
- Equilibrium Between Demand for and Supply of Loanable
- Demand for Loanable Funds
- LOANABLE FUNDS THEORY OF INTEREST
- Criticism
- Equilibrium between Demand and Supply
- Demand for Savings
- Compensation Principle
- CLASSICAL OR REAL THEORY OF INTEREST
- HOW RATE OF INTEREST IS DETERMINED
- Liquidity Preference Theory
- Fisher’s Time Preference Theory
- Relation Between Partisan Optima And Perfect Competiton
- Austrian or Agio Theory
- Fisher’s Time Preference Theory
- Abstinence or Waiting Theory
- HOW INTEREST ARISES
- HOW INTEREST ARISES
- THEORIES OF INTEREST
- Differences in Gross Interest
- Differences in Pure Interest
- Differences in Interest Rates
- Return rur Inconvenience
- Gross and Net Interest
- INTEREST
- Conditions of Partisan Optimum
- Pareto’s Welfare Criterion
- ECONOMIC RENT AS A BASIS FOR A SINGLE LAND TAX
- RENT IN A SOCIALIST STATE
- NEW WELFARE ECONOMICS
- SHARE OF WAGES IN THE NATIONAL INCOME
- WAGES UNDER FULL EMPLOYMENT
- Low Wages of Women
- Positive Economics and Welfare Economics
- WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
- WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
- Conclusion
- Adverse Effect of Trade Union Action
- Call Trade Union Raise Wage
- TRADE UNION AND WAGE DETERMINATION
- WELFARE ECONOMICS
- Deficit Financing
- Conclusion
- Louisianan’s Doctrine of Planned Unbalanced Growth
- Profits of Public Undertakings
- Foreign Capital
- Singer’s Critique of Balanced Growth Doctrine
- Government Borrowing
- Taxation
- Land for a Particular Use
- Size of Market and Inducement to Invest
- Savings
- BALANCED VS UNBALANCeD GROWTH
- LEWIS MODEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH UNLIMITED LABOUR SUPPLY
- STRATEGY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BALANCED AND UNBALANCED GROWTH
- RELATION BETWEEN RENT AND PRICE
- Solution of the Problem of Disguised Unemployment
- Well Rent Enters Price
- HARROD DOMAR GROWTH MODELS
- Extent Disguised Unemployment
- Conclusion
- Interaction of Demand and Supply
- MODERN VIEW OF RENT OF LAND
- Conclusion
- Criticism of tile Ricardian Theory
- Disguised Unemployment as Potential Source of Capital Formation
- Scarcity Rent
- Does Marginal or No-rent Land Really Exist?
- Diagrammatic Illustration of the Ricardian Theory of Rent
- Conclusion
- Differential Rent
- Meaning of Disguised Unemployment
- Technological Progress
- DISGUISED UNEMPLOY ENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
- RICARDIAN THEORY OF RENT
- Rent and Transfer Earning
- Importance
- Rent us Surplus
- Economic Rent and Contract Rent
- RENT
- SOCIAL AND POLITICAL OBSTACLES TO GROWTH
- Low Wages of Womell
- Rapidly Growing Population
- SHARE OF WAGES IN THE NATIONAL INCOME
- Demonstration Effect
- Capital Formuuion
- WAGES UNDER FULL EMPLOYMENT
- Low Rate of Saving and investment
- Foreign Domination
- WAGE DIFFERENTIALS
- MODERN THEORY OF WAGES
- Demand for Labour
- Availability of Natural resources
- DUALISM AND ECONOMIC UNDERDEVELOPMENT
- Interaction of Demand and Supply
- WAGES UNDER IMPERFECT COMPETITION
- CHARACTERISTICS OF Under Developed ECONOMIES COUNTRIES (UDCs)
- TRADE UNION AND WAGE DETERMINATION
- Call Trade Union Raise Wage
- DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
- Definition of all Under Developed Economy
- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- Emergence of Theory of Growth
- Taussig’s Theory of wages
- Wages Fund Theory
- ECONOMIC UNDER DEVELOPMENT
- Linear Homogeneous Production Function
- PRODUCTION FUNCTION: INPUT-OUTPUT RELATIONSHIP
- OLD THEORIES OF WAGES
- Why a Separate Theory of Wages?
- Is Labour A Commodity?
- EFFICIENT ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
- Extra Work Without Extra Payment
- Nominal Wages vs. Real Wages
- WAGES
- PRODUCTION POSSIBIUTY CURVE
- IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ON RELATIVE FACTOR SHARES
- Relation between Production, Value and Distribution Theories
- Product Exhaustion Problem or Adding Up Problem
- Role of Small-Scale Industry ill Underdeveloped Countries
- Remedies
- Small Scale Industries
- TRANSFER EARNINGS
- EQUITY IN INCOME DISTRIBUTION
- Survival of Small Businesses
- External Dis economies (Its effect)
- EQUITY IN INCOME DISTRIBUTION
- Equilibrium of Demand and Supply
- Supply Side
- MODERN THEORY OF DISTRIBUTION
- Relation between internal and external economies
- Equilibrium Under Imperfect Competition i ll lite Factor Market
- External Economies
- Conditions of MONOPSONY
- Real and Pecuniary Economies
- Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition In The Factor Market
- Concept of Indivisibility
- Diseconomies of Scale
- SCALE OF PRODUCTION
- FIRM’S EQUILIBRIUM IN FACTOR EMPLOYMENT
- Criticism of Marginal Productivity Theory
- Over population An Impediment to Economic Growth
- ECONOMIC DEVelOPMENT AND POPULATION GROWTH
- ECONOMIC EFFECTSOF OVER-POPULATION
- MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY THEORY
- Cost-Benefit theory of Population
- Is Malthusian Theory valid Today?
- Meaning of Distribution
- Role or Factor Prices
- Functional VS Personal Distribution
- THE GENERAL THEORY OF FACTOR. PRICING
- Criticism 0f vlalthusian Theory
- KINKY DEMAND CURVE
- PRICE LEADERSHIP UNDER OLIGOPOLY
- Collusive Oligopoly
- EVILS OF OLIGOPOLY
- Economies of large-Scale Production
- Collusive Oligopoly
- SCALE OF PRODUCTION
- Over population An Impediment to Economic Growth
- PRICE LEADERSHIP UNDER OLIGOPOLY
- ECONOMIC DEVelOPMENT AND POPULATION GROWTH
- Chamberlin Model
- KINKY DEMAND CURVE
- ECONOMIC EFFECTSOF OVER-POPULATION
- Cost-Benefit theory of Population
- Edgeworth Model
- Is Malthusian Theory valid Today?
- OLIGOPOLY AND DUOPOLY
- DUOPOLY
- DUOPOLY MODELS
- World Population Growth, 1750-2150
- MALTHUSIAN THEORY
- Effects of Monopolistic Competition
- Increased Selling Costs vs, Price-Cutting
- Wastes of MONOPOLY Competition
- Role of Public Enterprise in Underdeveloped Countries
- EXCESS CAPACITY UNDER IMPERFECT COMPETITION
- Demerits
- Optimum Selling Costs?
- STATE ENTERPRISE
- Conclusion
- Demerits
- MIXED ECONOMY IN THECONTEXT OF INDIAN ECONOMY
- JOINT STOCK COMPANY
- SelLING COSTS
- How Far Are Selling Costs Efficacious?
- Effect of Selling Costs Oil tile Demand Curve
- Selling Costs and Equilibrium Output
- Critical Evaluation of Mixed Economy
- PARTNERSHIP
- INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEUR
- Main Features of Mixed Economy
- Product Variation Equilibrium
- CYCLE OF POVERTY AND ILLITERACY
- GROUP EQUILIBRIUM
- Who is an Entrepreneur in a Joint Stock Company?
- ENTERPRISE
- Long-run Equilibrium of Fin” and Group Equilibrium
- Short-run Equilibrium
- Foreign Capital
- Price-output Determination Under Monopolistic Competition
- Mobilisation of Savings
- Modern Economic Theory
- Meaning of Capital Formation
- Importance of Capital
- RESTRAINTS ON MONOPOLIES
- Decentralisation of Industry
- PRICE UNDER MONOPSONY
- Causes of Further Concentration
- BILATERAL MONOPOLY
- MAKE-UP PRINCIPLE
- Causes of Localisation
- CRITICISM OF MONOPOLY
- Division of Labour is Limited by the Extent of the Market
- Is Monopoly Price a High Price?
- Advantages
- Measurement of Monopoly power
- MONOPOLY POWER
- Peculiarities of Labour
- Is Price Discrimination Beneficial to Society?
- MIXED ECONOMY
- Price Discrimination by Dumping
- LABOUR
- Price Discrimination and Output
- Price-output Equilibrium ill Discriminating MONOPOLY
- Price Discrimination profitable when Elasticities Differ
- LAND
- Discrimination Not Profitable Wire” tire Dem and Curves Are lso-elastic
- Some Problems of Socialism
- When Price Discrimination is Profitable
- Meaning of Production
- Criticism Answered
- Theory of production Content and Importance
- Note Consumer’s Surplus and Producer’s Surplus
- DEMERITS OF SOCIALISM
- Practical Utility of Consumer’s Surplus
- Conditions of Price Discrimination
- Degrees of Price Discrimination
- CASE FOR SOCIALISM
- Anarchism
- Measurement of Consumer’s Surplus with Indifference Curve
- Criticism of Consumer’s Surplus
- A complete list of demand prices is not available
- SOME OTHER FORMS OF SOCIALISM
- Hicksiun Refinement
- Criticism of Marxian Theory
- Diagrammatic Representation.
- Consumer’s Surplus and the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Meaning
- THEORETICAL IMPORTANCE
- Types of Price Discrimination
- PRICE-OUTPUT DETERMINATION UNDER MONOPOLY
- MARXIAN SOCIALISM
- Increasing Returns
- Equating Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost
- Taxation.
- Authoritarian Socialism versus Liberal Socialism
- SOCIALISM
- Geometrical Method: Point Elasticity
- Proportional Method
- Total Outlay Method
- PRICE OUTPUT UNDER MONOPOLY
- Factors Determining Price Elasticity of Demand
- DETERMINATION OF SHORT-RUN PRICE
- Price as a Rationing Device
- WORKING AND EVALUATION OF THE FUND
- Relation Between Price Elasticity come Elasticity and Substitution Elasticity
- Long-run Normal Price i ll Increasing Cost Industry
- Long-run Normal Price in Decreasing Cost
- I.M.:F AN IMPROVEMENT ON GOLD STANDARD
- Substitution Elasticity
- Functions oF the Fund
- Rekuion of Uasticity with the law of Diminishing Utility
- TYPES OF ELASTICITY
- ORGANISATION AND FUNCTIONS
- INTERNATIOAL MONETARY FUND
- Elastic and Inelastic Demand
- Balance of Payment Tile Present Case
- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
- PAYMENT METHOD
- DTRM NATION OF LONG-RUN NORMAL PRICE
- Methods of Correcting Disequilibrium ill Balance of Payments
- Meaning of Elasticity
- Theories Concerning Disequilibrium in balance of Payments
- MARGINAL UTILITYOF MONEY INCOME
- Economists Started
- EQUILIBRIUM DISEQUILIBRIUM AND ADJUSTMENT
- Smartness Marina Preference Theory
- Balance of Payments ami Balance of Trade
- Relationship Between AR and MR
- Neumann torgenstem Statistical theory
- CHARACTERISTICS OF UNDERDEVELOPED ECONOMIES COUNTRIES (UDCs)
- Which is More Important: Demand or SIpply?
- Definition of all Under-Developed Economy
- Tillie Affects Supply
- Change ill Supply Does not Necessarily
- Emergence of Theory of Growth
- ECONOMIC UNDER DEVELOPMENT
- Hicks Revised Theory of Demand
- BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DEMAND THEORY
- Decreasing-Cost Industry is III compatible with Perfect Competition
- BARRIERS TO FOREIGN TRADE
- ROLE OF PROTECTION IN UNDER DEVElOPED COUNTRIES
- Effect of Increase Wages Supply of Labour
- PROTECTIONISM
- Some Application of Indifference curves Technique
- PROTECTIONISM
- Effect of a Subsidy
- FREE TRADE VS PROTECTION
- Effect of Taxation Willingness to Work
- Rationing
- MODERN THEORY GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM THEORY
- THE THEORY OF COMPARATIVE COST
- Cost of Living Index
- SUPPLY CURVE OF PERFECTLY COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
- Short run SUpply Curve
- Long-run Supply Curve
- Supply Curve of the Constant Cost Industry
- Supply Curve of tlie Increasing Cost Industry
- Supply Curve of the Decreasing Cost Industry
- THE BASIS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
- Measurement of National Income
- Application in Consumption
- Inter regional VS International Trade
- EXCEPTIONAL CASE OF CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIE
- THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
- Criticism of Curve Approucl
- INDIFFERE CE CURVE TECHNIQUE VERSUS MARSHAlliAN UTILITYANALYSIS
- Superiority of the Indifferellce Curve Technique
- DERIVATION OF MARKET DEMAND CURVE
- Derivation of demand curve from price consumption curve
- Ordinary Inferior Goods
- Equilibrium in tile Long-Run
- PRICE EFFECT
- SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
- Conditions of Equilibrium .
- INCOME EFFECT
- Conditions of Equilibrium
- CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM OR MAXIMISING SATISFACTION
- Shifting the Price Line
- EQUILIBRIUM OF FIRM AND INDUSTRY UNDER PERFECT COMPETITION
- PRICE LINE OR BUDGET LINE
- Utility Maximization
- Modern Economic Theory
- Sales Maximization
- Full Cost Pricing Principle
- Conclusion
- PRINCIPLE OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL RATEOF SUBSTITUTION
- Arguments Against
- Arguments For
- Meaning of Profit
- VALIDITY OF PROFIT-MAXIMISING DOCTRINE
- MARGINAL RATEOF SUBSTITUTION
- Incorporating Normal Profit into Average Cost
- Indifference Map
- FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES (NBFIS)
- INDiFFERENCE CURVES
- Functions of the NBFfs
- Scale of Preferences
- CONDITIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM
- Significance of Credit Creation
- EQUILIBRIUM OF INDUSTRY
- CREATION OF CREDIT
- EQUILIBRIUM OF FIRM: BY CURVES OF MARGINAL REVENUE AND MARGINAL COST
- DEMAND CURVE
- BANKING
- Meaning of Demand
- Equilibrium of Firm : by Clines of Total Revenue and Total Cost
- CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM
- EQUILIBRIUM OF THE FIRM AND INDUSTRY: GENERAL
- Fiscal Measures
- Modern Economic Theory
- Practical Importance of the Law
- Diagrammatic Representation
- NATURE OF INFLATION IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY
- LAW OF EQUI-MARGINAL UTILITY
- The Phillips’ Cline
- Marginal Utility and Price
- CAUSES OF INFLATION
- Marginal Utility of Money
- Marginal Utility
- Diminishing Marginal Utility Curve
- Limitations of the Law
- DemandComposition Inflation
- Utility Analysis of Demand
- REVEUE AND REVE UE CURVES
- Market Power Theory of Inflation
- LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL UTLITY
- Utilities are Independent
- CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF MARKET
- INFLATION
- Monopoly
- BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF MARGINAL UTILITY ANALYSIS
- Pure Competition
- MARKET FORMS OR MARKET STRUCTURES
- She of lite Market
- Progressive System
- Classification 4 Markets
- Direct Action
- Perfect Competition: Conditions
- Central Bunk
- Limitations of Economic Dynamics
- Perfect Competition: Conditions
- Varying Reserve Requirements
- Open Market Operations
- Shape of Demand Curve ill Pure Competition
- Limitations of Comparative Statics
- COMPARATIVE STATICS
- Thus,the raising of the bank rate has two effects:
- Balik Rate
- Conclusion
- Qualitative or Selective Controls
- METHODS OF CREDIT CONTROL OR INSTRUMENTS OF MONETARY MANAGEMENT
- Difficulties of Credit Control
- Credit Control
- Significance of Economic Dynamics
- Limitations of COElOmic Statics
- CONTROL OF CREDIT
- Theory Of Money And Prices
- Bankers Bank
- Banker of the State
- Note-Issuing Agency
- Significance of Economic Statics
- FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL BANKS
- ESSENTIALS OF A SOUND CURRENCY SYSTEM
- CENTRAL BANKING PRINCIPLES
- Imparlance of Central Bank
- MARKET AND MARKET STRUCTURES
- Stationary Stale
- CASE STUDY
- PAPER CURRENCY STANDARD
- IAOQUAN
- Meaning of Equal Product Curves
- Application of Equal Product Curves
- ECONOMIC STATICS
- Gold Bullion Standard
- ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY
- Price Elasticity oj Supply
- Increase unci Decrease In Supply
- SUPPLY FUNCTION
- Supply as a Function of Price
- Supply As A Function of Price of other Goods
- Supply as a Function of The Price of Inputs
- MONETARY STANDARDS
- Supply as a Function of Marshallian time periods
- Conclusion
- General Equilibrium and Macroeconomic Equilibrium
- Essence of General Equilibrium Approach
- General Equilibrlum Analysis
- Applicability
- Partial EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
- COST AND COST CURVES
- Alternative, Opportunity or Transfer Costs
- Significance of Opportunity Costs.
- Application of Opportunity Cost Doctrine
- Meaning of Equilibrium
- Application to Under-developed Countries
- Substitute and Complementary Factors
- VALUE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSI
- Effect of Change in Input Price on Input Use
- Inductive Method
- Shape of tile Scale Line
- Application of Equal Product Curves to Returns to Scale
- Trade Cycles
- Scale Line or Expansion
- Limitations
- Produce Equilibrium with Curves,
- Monetary Theory
- THEORIES OF TRADE CYCLE
- Merits of Deductive Method
- TRADE CYCLES
- METHODS OF ECONOMICS
- Producer’s Equilibrium: Optimum Factor Combination
- IS/LM FRAME WORK
- Conclusion
- Iso-Cost Line
- Properties of Equal Product Clines
- BASIC ASSUMPTIONS IN ECONOMICS
- POLICY FOR Full EMPLOYMENT
- Meaning of Equal Product Curves
- Indifference Curves and iso-product Curves Distinguished.
- Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution
- Modern Economic Theory
- Law of Diminishing Margine! Rate of Technical Substitution
- Elasticity oj Substitution Between Factors
- Unemployment and Full Employment
- LAWS OF ECONOMICS
- UNEMPLOYMENT AND FULL EMPLOYMET
- Call Economics Solve Practical problems
- Positive or Normative Science
- PROBLEMS OF CLASSIFICATION AND DEFINITION
- Item Included ill Accumulation Capital Transaction Account
- ITEMS INCLUDED IN THE VARIOUS SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY
- True Nature of Economics
- Social Accounts in a Closed Economy
- SOCIAL ACCOUTING
- NATURE AND SCOPE OF ECONOMICS
- Role Of Price Machanism
- SOME MAJOR ISSUE SAND PROBLEM SIN ECONOMICS
- FUNCTIONS OF THE PRICE SYSTEM
- MACRO-ECONOMICS OR THE THEORY OF INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT
- Importance of Micro economics
- THE ROLE OF PRICE MECHANISM
- MICRO ECONOMICS
- SUBJECT MAlTER: MICRO AND MACRO ECONOMICS
- Introduction
- MAJOR ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
- RETURNS TO SCALE
- CONCLUSION REGARDING DEFINITION OF ECONOMICS
- LAW OF CONSTANT RETURNS
- LAW OF INCREASING RETURNS
- MODERN DEFINITION
- Modern Economic Theory
- Importance of the Law of Diminishing Returns
- Criticism of Robbins
- Law of Diminishing returns ill a General Form
- Criticism of Robbins
- Modern Economic Theory
- Superiority of Robbins
- Limitations of the Law of Diminishing Returns
- ASSUMPTIONS OF THE LAW OF VARIABLE PROPORTIONS
- ROBBINS DEFINITION SCIENCE OF SCARCITY OR SCIENCE OF CHOICE
- Economic Implications of the Law of Variable Proportions
- Law of Variable Proportions
- Criticism of Marshallian View
- LAW OF DIMINISHING RETURNS
- DEFINITIONS
- LAW OF RETURN
- PROBLEMS AND APPUCATIONS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- CASE STUDY
- In The News
- THE GREENSPAN ERA
- THE VOLCKER DISINFLATION
- RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF COSTLESS DISINFLATION
- THE SACRIFICE RATIO
- THE COST OF REDUCING INFLATION
- In The News
- THE NATURAL EXPERIMENT FOR THE NATURAL RATE HYPOTHESIS
- THE SHORT RUN PHILIPS CURVE
- RECONCING THEORY AND EVIDENCE
- THE MEANING OF NATURAl
- SHIFTS IN THE PHILLIPS CURVE: THE ROLE OF EXPECTATIONS
- AGGREGATE DEMAND AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND THE PHILIPS CURVE
- ORIGINS OF THE PHILIPS CURVE
- THE PHILLIPS CURVE
- The Short Run Trade off between Inflation and Unemployment
- PROBLEMS AND APPLICATIONS
- PROBLEMS AND APPLICATIONS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- AUTOMATIC STABILIZERS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- THE CASE AGAINST ACTIVE STABILIZATION POLICY
- CASE STUDY
- KEYNESIANS IN THE WHITE HOUSE
- THE EFFECTS OF A SHIFT IN AGGREGATE SUPPLY
- THE CASE FOR ACTIVE STABILIZATION POLICY
- USING POLICY TO STABILIZE THE ECONOMY
- CHANGES IN TAXES
- CASE STUDY
- CASE STUDY
- THE EFFECTS OF A SHIFT IN AGGREGATE DEMAND
- OTHER APPLICATIONS OF THE MULTIPLIER EFFECT
- Two CAUSES OF ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS
- A FORMULA FOR THE SPENDING MULTIPLIER
- WHY THE SHORT-RuN AGGREGATE-SUPPLY CURVE MIGHT SHIFT
- THE MULTIPLIER EFFECT
- CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT PURCHASES
- HOW FISCAL POLICY INFLUENCES AGGREGATE DEMAND
- WAY THE FED WATCHS THE STOCK MARKET (AND VICE VERSA)
- WHY THE AGGREGATE-SUPPLY CURVE SLOPES UPWARD IN THE SHORT RUN
- THE ROLE OF INTEREST-RATE TARGETS IN FED POLICY
- CHANGES IN THE MONEY SUPPLY
- THE DOWNWARD SLOPE OF THE AGGREGATE-DEMAND CURVE
- USING AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY TO DEPICT LONG-RUN GROWTH AND INFLATION
- WI-f’I THE LONG-RUN AGGREGATE-SUPPLY CURVE MIGHT SHIFT
- Equilibrium in the Money Market
- Money Demand
- WHY THE AGGREGATE-SUPPLY CURVE Is VERTICAL IN THE LONG RUN
- Money Supply
- THE THEORY OF LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE
- THE AGGREGATE-SUPPLY CURVE
- .How MONETARY POLICY INFLUENCES AGGREGATE DEMAND
- The Influence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Aggregate Demand
- WHY THE AGGREGATE DEMAND CURVE MIGHT SHIFT
- COULD CAPITAL FLEE FROM THE UNITED STATES?
- The Effects of Capital Flight
- POLITICAl INSTABILITY AND CAPITAL FLIGHT
- WHY THE AGGREGATE-DEMAND CURVE SLOPES DOWNWARD
- The Effects of an Import Quota
- THE AGGREGATE-DEMAND CURVE
- TRADE POLICEY
- THE MODEL OF AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY
- The Effects of a Government Budget Deficit
- GOVERNMENT BUDGET DEFICITS
- HOW POLICIES AND EVENTS AFFECT AN OPEN ECONOMY
- In The News
- The Real Equilibrium in an Open Economy
- SIMULTANEOUS EQUILIBRIUM IN TWO MARKETS
- THE REALTY OF SHORT RUN FLUCTUATIONS
- NET CAPITAL OUTFLOW THE lINK BETWEENTHE TWO MARKETs
- THE ASSUMPTIONS OF ClASSICAl ECONOMICS
- EXPLAINING SHORT RUN ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS
- EQUILIBRIUM IN THE OPEN ECONOMY
- AS OUTPUT FALLS, UNEMPLOYMENT RISES
- The Market for Foreign-Currency Exchange
- THE MARKET FOR FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE
- MOST MACROECONOMIC QUANTITIES FLUCTUATE TOGETHER
- ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS ARE IRREGULAR AND UNPREDICTABLE
- THE MARKET FOR LOANABLE FUNDS
- SUPPLYAND DEMAND FOR LOANABLE FUNDS AND FOR FOREIGN-CURRENCYEXCHANGE
- THREE KEY FACTS ABOUT ECONOMIC FLUCTUATiONS
- Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
- A Macroeconomic Theory OF The Open Economy
- PROBLEMS AND APPLICATIONS
- The Discount Rate
- Reserve Requirements
- Open-Market Operations
- THE FED’S TOOLS OF MONETARY CONTROL
- THE MONEY MULTIPLIER
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- MONEY CREATION WITH ‘FRACTIONAL RESERVE BANKING
- A FIRST THEORY OF EXCHANGE RATE DETERMINATION: PURCHASING-POWER PARITY
- CASE STUDY
- THE SIMPLE CASE OF 100-PERCENT-RESERVE BANKING
- LIMITATIONS OF PURCHASING POWER PARITY
- OUR Hot Tips
- BANKS AND THE MONEY SUPPLY
- In The News
- THE FEDERAL OPEN MARKET COMMITTEE
- CASE STUDY
- THE FED’S ORGANIZATION
- IMPLICATIONS OF PURCHASING POWER PARITY
- THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
- WHERE IS ALL THE CURRENCY
- THE BASIC LOGIC OF PURCHASiNG-POWER PARITY
- THE PRICES FOR INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS: REAL AND NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATES
- REAL ExCHANGE RATES
- At This Museum, Money Talks
- NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATES
- THE PRICES FOR INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS: REAL AND NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATES
- CASE STUDY
- SUMMING Up
- In The News
- SAVING, INVESTMENT, AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE INTERNATIONAL FLOWS
- THE EaUAUTY OF NET EXPORTS AND NET CAPITAL OUTFLOW
- THE FLOW OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES: NET CAPITAL OUTFLOW
- CASE STUDY
- The History of Money
- MONEY IN THE U.S. ECONOMY
- THE KINDS OF MONEY
- THE FLOW OF GOODS: EXPORTS, IMPORTS AND NET EXPORTS
- Open Economy Macroeconomics: Basic Concepts
- THE FUNCTIONS OF MONEY
- CASE STUDY
- A SPECIAL COST OF UNEXPECTED INFlATION: ARBITRARY REDISTRIBUTIONS OF WEALTH
- THE MEANING OF MONEY
- The Monetary System
- CONFUSION AND INCONVENIENCE
- INFLATION INDUCED TAX DISTORTIONS
- RElATIVE PRICE VARIABIUTY AND THE MISALLOCATION OF RESOURCES
- MENU COSTS
- SHOELEATHER COSTS
- A FALL IN PURCHASING POWER? THE INFLATION FALlACY
- PROBLEMS AND APPLICATIONS
- MENU COSTS
- SHOELEATHER COSTS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- HENRY FORD AND THE VERY GENEROUS $S-A-DAY WAGE
- A FAllIN PURCHASING POWER? THE INFLATION FALlACY
- WORKER EFFORT
- THE COSTS OF INFLATION
- WORKER QUALITY
- In The News
- WORKER TURNOVER
- WORKER HEALTH
- THE THEORY OF EFFICIENCY WAGES
- Should You Join a Union .
- ARE UNIONS GOOD OR BAD FOR THE ECONOMY
- THE ECONOMICS OF UNIONS
- UNIONS AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
- MINIMUM WAGE LAWS
- THE FISHER EFFECT
- THE INFLATION TAX
- UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
- CASE STUDY
- In a Deep Crisis, Germany Begins to Revamp Its Vast Welfare State
- THE CLASSICAL DICHOTOMY AND MONETARY NEUTRAUTY
- German Unemployment
- VELOCITY AND THE QUANTITY EQUATION
- PUBLIC POLICY AND JOB SEARCH
- WHY SOME FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT IS INEVITABLE
- A BRIEF LOOK AT THE ADJUSTMENT PROCESS
- JOB SEARCH
- A Growing Number of Men Are Not Working, So What Are They Doing?
- THE EFFECTS OF A MONETARY INJECTION
- The Rise of Adult Male Joblessness
- MONEY SUPPLY MONEY DEMAND AND MONETARY EQUILIBRIUM
- WHY ARE THERE ALWAYS SOME PEOPLE UNEMPLOYED
- How LONG ARE THE UNEMPLOYED WITHOUT WORK?
- DOES THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE MEASURE WHAT WE WANT IT To
- LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF MEN AND WOMEN IN THE U.S. ECONOMY
- THE LEVEL OF PRICES AND THE VALUE OF MONEY
- Unemployment Rate since 1960
- THE CLASSICAL THEORY
- The Labor-Market Experiences of Various Demographic Groups
- Money Growth and Inflation
- The Breakdown of the Population in 2004
- HOW IS UNEMPLOYMENT MEASURED
- IDENTIFYING UNEMPLOYMENT
- Unemployment
- PROBLEMS AND APPLICATIONS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- MARKET IRRATIONALITY
- PROBLEMS’ AND APPLICATIONS
- For a Nobel Prize Winner, Less Is More
- Nobel Caliber Investment Advice
- RANDOM WALKS AND INDEX FUNDS
- THE EFFICIENT MARKETS HYPOTHESIS
- QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS
- CASE STUDY
- ASSET VALUATION
- THE TRADE-OFF BETWEEN RISK AND RETURN
